summons arrived in Emirdag ordering him to appear in Samsun Criminal Court. Bediuzzaman wrote a reply referring them to his extensive and unrefuted defences of five previous cases since they were repeating the same old charges. He also obtained medical reports stating he was unfit to travel. In the meantime, on 22 November ,1952, the `Malatya Incident' occurred, in which an attempt was made on the life of a well-known journalist, Ahmet Emin Yalman. It was blown up out of all proportion by the leftist press, and finally the Government bowed to pressure and closed down Islamic newspapers and arrested many supporters of religion. Among these were the Büyük Cihad and its owner, and also Bediuzzaman's close student Mustafa Sungur, who was in Samsun and had also had an article published in the paper. Mustafa Sungur was held in Samsun Prison and first convicted and sentenced to one and a half years, much to Bediuzzaman's wrath, but the Appeal Court subsequently reversed the decision, and on the Court reconvening, was acquitted.
Samsun Public Prosecutor insisted on Bediuzzaman's attending the Court to answer the charges against him, so finally the seventy-five-year-old Bediuzzaman decided to make the Journey. He reached Istanbul, but here was taken ill and obtaining further medical reports requested to be permitted to give his defence in Istanbul Criminal Court. Once again the case resulted in acquittal. However, it served as a cause to bring Bediuzzaman to Istanbul a second lime, and on this occasion he stayed three months.

• The Pakistan Deputy Education Minister's Visit

Before describing Bediuzzaman's stay in Istanbul, there are one or two events which occurred previously and should not go unmentioned. One of these was the unofficial visit to Bediuzzaman of the Deputy Education Minister in the Pakistan Government, Seyyid Ali Ekber Sah, who was on an official visit to Turkey. This visit was made at the suggestion of the 'Turkish Education Minister, Tevfik Ileri, and occurred according to Bediuzzaman’s student who accompanied him, in 1952. Bediuzzaman describes the visit in a